Improvement in barrels for carbon oils



n V. i

UNITED STATES VPATENT OFFICE;

BARNARD HAOKETT, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO WVM. G. WARDEN, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN BARRELS FOR CARBOIN`OILS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 4 |340, dated January 19, 1864.

To all whom, b 'muy concern..

Be it known that I, BARNARD HACKETT, of the city of Pittsburg, inthe county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Barrels for Kerosene or Carbon Oil 5 and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming' part of this speciiication, in which Figure l is a longitudinal section through the axis or center of the barrel. Fig. 2 is an end view of the barrel.

In both iigures like letters of reference def note similar parts.

vent the leakage ofthe oil. Vooden barrels, no

matter how well made, are inadequate for the purpose, unless coated internally with some. substance impervious to the oil and insoluble by it, because the oil is of so penetrating anature that it will iin d its way through the pores ofthe wood. To remedy this defect, wooden barrels are madevery tight and strongly bound with iron hoops coated externally with oilpaint and lined internally with glue or silicate of soda. These, however, are liable to become defective, and are not well calculated for the transportation of oil when it has to remain in the barrel for any considerable length of time. Vessels of sheet-iron or tinned iron have also been used; but these require to be hermetically closed, and are liable to be injured in handling, owing to the thinness ofthe material. They are also liable to the objection that they require to be made small in size unless the iron is so thick as to make them too expensive. To obviate these practical difiiculties I have invented abarrel combining the advantages of a wooden barrel in respect to their size, strength, and ease of opening and closing, and of a metallic vessel in their im-.

perviousness.

My invention consists in the use of a metallic cylinder surrounded by a wooden casing like a barrel, and having a double head at each ends made of two layers of wood with a coating of glue or disk of sheet-iron or other thin metal between them.

'Io enable others skilled in the art to construct and use' my improved oil-barrel, I will proceed to describe its construction and mode of using it.

In the drawings, a is a cylinder, of sheetiron or other suitable metal, which may be made ofthe length and diameter of an ordinary barrel. The metallic cylinder c is made of one piece, with aslap-joint where the edges are united. At each end of the cylinder, near the edge ofthe sheet, is an indentation, 1),(which may be made in the metallic sheet before it is .formed into a cylinder?) This indentation is designed to enter slightly into the periphery of the wooden head of the barrel, as seen in Fig. l.

A wooden casing, c, is made with staves like a barrel, and bound with iron hoops d, excepting at the two ends, which are not hooped until the heads are inserted. The diameter of the casing at its two ends is made equal to that of the cylinder, the inside of the casing at the two ends being turned straight for a short distance. so as to give a bearing for the metallic cylinder against the staves of the casing or barrel c at both ends. The metallic cylinder is then inserted into the casing, which may be made with a bilge like an ordinary barrelthat is, the casing may be of larger diameter in the middle than at either end. IV hen the metallic cylinder is inserted in the barrel or casing c, a head, e, is fitted into each end, being driven into the cylinder until the indentation around the cylinder near its edge surrounds the head at a point about midway between its upper and lower surfaces. The metallic cylinder is supported by the casing all around the head, because the inner surface of the barrel has been dressed down at both ends, so as to be at that part parallel to the aXis of cylinder, as seen in Fig. l. A head being inserted into the barrel at each end, the edge of the metallic cylinder which projects all around the head a little above its surface is then turned down at a, Fig. l, so as to hold thehead firmly in its place, and the end hoops, d', being driven on, the barrel is made perfectly tight.

The barrel-heads which I use are of peculiar construction, being made in two courses of battens or strips of wood, g and h, which are laid so that the joints of one course cross 2 museo the joints of the other, as seen in the drawings; or, it' the barrel-heads are made of two pieces without joint, the upper piece, g, is laid so that the grain of the wood will cross the grain of the lower piece, 7L. The upper and lower course of the heads, whether made of battens or each a single piece, are glued together, and they may be further united by wood-screws s, the points of which do not pass entirely through the lower course. One screw, 17, of larger diameter than the others andlonger, isinserted clear through both courses of one of the head-pieces, being designed to serve asa vent-plug, which may be withdrawn when the barrel is to be either filled or emptied. rlhe use of glue between the two courses of the barrelheads is designed not onlyto unite them more firmly together, but also to render the head entirely impervious to the oil; and the glue being thus protected by its position between the layers of wood, it is not liable to be removed by cracking orf or dissolved by moist ure, as in the ease with the ordinary glue lining to oitbarrels. Another mode o1'l inak- 4ing the barrel-heads is to place between the two layers of which they are formed a circular disk of thin metal, Z, such as sheet-iron, and then securing the whole together with screws, as before described, the disk of metal being substituted for the glue. Asit would not be convenient to have a bung-hole in the side ofthe barrels, in consequence of the me-4 tallic cylinder, which should not be perforated, I insert a niet-allie bung, 7.1, in one of the heads of the barrel. An oil-barrel constructed as described is perfect] y oil-tight, and combines all the advantages oi' the wooden barrel and of metallic vessels for the purposes of holding and transporting coal or carbon oil, lbenzole, turpentine, or other similar iiuids.

W hat I claim as my invention7 and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. Constructing barrels for holding carbon oil and other penetrating iiuids with a me tallie body ineased in Wood, and head or end pieces composed of two or more layers of wood glued together, or having ainetallie lining between the layers of wood, constructed substantially as hereinbefore described.

2. Making the heads or end pieces of barrels of two or more layers of wood, set so that the grain of the wood in lany one layer shall cross the grain in the other, united with glue or other cement, substantially as hereinbefore described.

BARNARD HACKETT. lVitnesses:

W'. G. VAnDuN, JAiu'ns OLD. 

